Many view civil wars as violent contests between armed combatants. But history shows that community groups, businesses, NGOs, local governments, and even armed groups can respond to war by engaging in civil action. Characterized by a reluctance to resort to violence and a willingness to show enough respect to engage with others, civil action can slow, delay, or prevent violent escalations. This volume explores how people in conflict environments engage in civil action, and the ways such action has affected violence dynamics in Syria, Peru, Kenya, Northern Ireland, Mexico, Bosnia, Afghanistan, Spain, and Colombia. These cases highlight the critical and often neglected role that civil action plays in conflicts around the world.

Despite the view that civil war involves violent contests for power between armed combatants, people and groups routinely engage in civil action in the midst of war. Civil action is behavior characterized by a reluctance to engage in violence and a willingness to abide by a minimal level of respect in order to maximize engagement with others. Civil action often prevents or tamps down violence, although it can sometimes escalate violence as well. This volume explores the ways civil action has affected dynamics of violence in Syria, Peru, Kenya, Northern Ireland, Mexico, Bosnia, Afghanistan, Spain, and Colombia, highlighting the crucial and often-neglected role that civil action has played in deciding the fates of conflicts around the world.

One of the most important recent findings is that civil action can be a surprisingly effective way for citizens to keep their governments in line while avoiding violence. If you want to know how citizens can do this-even in an era of democratic decline-read this book. It couldn't come at a better time.